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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
二十大代表风采丨潘从明：戈壁矿山废中取宝甘为“铂乐”****** 中新网兰州10月9日电 题：潘从明：戈壁矿山废中取宝甘为“铂乐” 作者 闫姣 王牧雨 从普通工人成长为“大国工匠”，从戈壁矿山走向科技研发的国际舞台，如今潘从明仍旧日夜忙碌在攻克技术难关的一线。他近日接受中新网记者采访时说，这两年他重点研究从各类二次资源中综合回收提取铂族金属技术。 潘从明是甘肃省金昌市金川集团铜业有限公司贵金属冶炼分厂提纯工序工序长。他的成就之一，是主创了“镍阳极泥中铂钯铑铱绿色高效提取技术”，推动整体技术达到国际先进水平。铂族贵金属是精密电子、航空发动机等国家战略高科技产业的关键基础材料，而我国贵金属储量仅占全球储量的0.39%。 潘从明说，矿产资源终究有限，中国大量汽车、电子产品、石油催化剂等面临报废高峰期，各类二次资源中的贵金属就是一座移动的“城市矿山”。这些二次资源成为国内外同行关注的焦点。 金川集团是中国最大、世界领先的镍钴生产基地和铂族金属提炼中心，也是我国目前已知的唯一具有开采价值的伴生铂族金属矿床，铂族金属产量占到国内矿产总产量的80%以上。  图为潘从明在劳模创新工作室给员工培训。(资料图) 金川集团供图潘从明常说，他的成长离不开这个平台和周围的环境。但在很多人看来，他的成绩亦和自己的刻苦钻研息息相关。“遇到不会的，我宁可待在生产线，不吃不喝，也要把这个事弄明白。”在他看来，练得多了，也就熟了，就能发现更多问题；会得多了，就能想到创新的办法，解决难题。 在同事眼中，潘从明对待工作高度专注，有热情、有激情，26载坚持探索、研发；在徒弟眼中，他博学多识且宽严并济，培养出多位技术能手、技术标兵；在家人眼中，他时常沉迷于自己的“铂族世界”。 在钻研之路上，潘从明遇到过很多坎，但对这个行业的热爱促使他不断深钻。初到企业时他什么也不懂，便在晚上回忆、记录白天老师傅们所讲内容，经常复习到凌晨两三点。那时候学习条件不便，他就委托亲朋好友从外地帮忙搜罗国内外的专业书籍，开始自学，“晚上宁愿不睡觉也要记录，有时看书有了灵感，还会直奔实验室，通宵做实验。”  图为潘从明解决现场技术难题。(资料图) 金川集团供图因多年来保持记录的习惯，潘从明攒了一本30万余字的“发明笔记”，写满了密密麻麻的公式。这一良好习惯，他也传授给徒弟们，让他们从每个月必须完成的20页报告开始做起，并挨个标注出报告中的问题。由此，他也培养出了一批提纯工序的优秀人才。 潘从明是国家级技能大师工作室领衔人、贵金属冶炼特级技师、有色冶金正高级工程师，是西北地区首位个人获得国家科技进步奖的一线产业工人，多次被评为“大国工匠”“发明之星”“全国技术能手”“全国劳动模范”。 潘从明从未抱怨钻研的苦，也没有挥霍成功的乐。今年，针对甘肃省提出的强工业、强科技等“四强”行动，以及金川集团产量翻番的任务，他认为，从二次资源中提取铂族贵金属是技术的突破口，也是未来做大做强的主要内容。 潘从明称，下一步的重点工作有从含有微量贵金属的各类废液中高效提取贵金属的技术研究，生产高附加值的贵金属化合物，以及技术传承和人才培养等。“技术没有止境，也没有最好，只有往更好的方向走，把技术做精做优。”他说。(完)
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